1 10 64 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/924d6399da55e62ea56376473e1fce62.jpg 631f6c371bf597022b89179e2ad84d8b https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/affc3cf9e0f41438377e4d4dd04455a2.jpg 90d79ac15c470d8df6d7df2db978c3d7 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/82ce666e0f3c6926914c90db10b8ce9c.jpg 75ac93e0834e7fff4a594e5eaa40e396 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/62c7b9ddad84ff8d50dc91694659c1c3.jpg c98c016c3ae3aede9e52268f6f4cd589 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/57c45300a175868e63eaa3e8dd94a949.jpg 60a2f5ae3485f40f3a91c83acbb98cfc https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/c4f749500a59e26aaba3b7cf3da31930.jpg c5aedcf48e96c58986685f843e719bb4 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/2d3f2f4a532fde39fd2f6aacd05ed745.jpg b15a9c61c361d4149834862cfeade023 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/63d1f2f680142df4d7baa87b58a71f1e.jpg dfd3e564cb9fdf51e3de671cec48beff https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/1cd033bee80639d0bd983332c0b79a6f.jpg e8add83886a1d4bb34ca027088cc8040 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/5bb181a1ffca758f6f8b19d509971fa7.jpg 1c6b9380206e67ee4743fd906f2f6128 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/be28c4d440fd150448899d87792611ea.jpg 22682ee82103e88889c14c27279ace11 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource British and Commonwealth WWII Pamphlets Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 15 Poems Russian Red Cross Subject The topic of the resource A collection of poems sold for 1 shilling by the Socialist Party in Belfast, Northern Ireland in support of the Russian Red Cross. Includes Poems by W.R. Rodgers, Rayner Heppenstall, John Hewitt, William Adair, Maurice James Craig, James Mackinlay, R.P. Maybin, Colin Middleton, and Paul Potts Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Acquired from Needful Things Antique store Dublin, Ireland Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1942 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/553563fa3d5337691b26654eb9d7841a.jpg e866db254ebd7f7fa515b29f4c774680 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource British and Commonwealth WWII Photos Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 81st West Africa Division Unit Photo Subject The topic of the resource This is a unit photo showing men from the 81st West Africa Division. There are 67 men in the photo. 61 African and 6 white men. Based on the mountains and vegetation the photo it was likely taken in East or West Africa before the division was sent to fight in India and Burma. Description An account of the resource The framework on which the division was formed was the Royal West African Frontier Force. One of the brigades (the 3rd West African) and several of the supporting units which formed the division had already seen action with the 11th (African) Division, against the Italians in East Africa. The division was established as the 1st (West African) Division on 1 March 1943. Three days later it was renamed the 81st (West African) Division, taking the next vacant number in the list of British infantry divisions. The division's badge was a spider, in black on a yellow circular background. This spider was a reference to Ananse, a cunning character in Ashanti mythology, and drawn so that when a soldier raised his weapon to fire, the spider would appear to be going forwards. The division arrived in India on 14 August 1943. The movement of the 5th (West African) Brigade was delayed, however, after the troopship which was to carry it was lost in the German attack on Convoy Faith off Portugal on the night of 11/12 July 1943. The 3rd (West African) Brigade was detached to the Chindits, and was intended to garrison jungle bases for the raiding columns. The remainder of the division took part in the second Arakan campaign from February to May, 1944, operating in the Kaladan Valley on the flank of XV Indian Corps. In late March, substantial Japanese reinforcements (with some troops from the Indian National Army) outflanked the division and forced it to retreat over a range of hills out of the Kaladan valley into that of the Kalapanzin. In August, the division re-entered the Kaladan valley, forcing the Japanese and Indian National Army to abandon Mowdok, a few miles east of the India–Burmese frontier. The division then advanced down the valley once again, reaching Myohaung near the mouth of the river on 28 January 1945. The division was withdrawn to India to rest on 22 April 1945. On 31 August, it was returned to West Africa and disbanded. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Acquired from Ebay. Unit information pulled from Wikipedia Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1943-1945 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/7909b125d7d75a69a2651d76c6d1b577.jpg 9532382ff0dbc28ff0243fd84d29a17b https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/6ffb2001046e204804b7c0a30149f0a1.jpg ed21d1459854a509d0d0f2316bdde3a6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource British and Commonwealth WWII Insignia Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 81st West African Division Patch Subject The topic of the resource This division was mostly comprised of soldiers from British colonies in West Africa. This included Nigeria, Gambia, Gold Coast (modern day Ghana), and Sierra Leone. An often overlooked unit in discussions of British military campaigns against the Italians in East Africa and the Japanese in Burma. The patch features buttons on the back so that it can be removed from the uniform when it is being laundered. Description An account of the resource The framework on which the division was formed was the Royal West African Frontier Force. One of the brigades (the 3rd West African) and several of the supporting units which formed the division had already seen action with the 11th (African) Division, against the Italians in East Africa. The division was established as the 1st (West African) Division on 1 March 1943. Three days later it was renamed the 81st (West African) Division, taking the next vacant number in the list of British infantry divisions. The division's badge was a spider, in black on a yellow circular background. This spider was a reference to Ananse, a cunning character in Ashanti mythology, and drawn so that when a soldier raised his weapon to fire, the spider would appear to be going forwards. The division arrived in India on 14 August 1943. The movement of the 5th (West African) Brigade was delayed, however, after the troopship which was to carry it was lost in the German attack on Convoy Faith off Portugal on the night of 11/12 July 1943. The 3rd (West African) Brigade was detached to the Chindits, and was intended to garrison jungle bases for the raiding columns. The remainder of the division took part in the second Arakan campaign from February to May, 1944, operating in the Kaladan Valley on the flank of XV Indian Corps. In late March, substantial Japanese reinforcements (with some troops from the Indian National Army) outflanked the division and forced it to retreat over a range of hills out of the Kaladan valley into that of the Kalapanzin. In August, the division re-entered the Kaladan valley, forcing the Japanese and Indian National Army to abandon Mowdok, a few miles east of the India–Burmese frontier. The division then advanced down the valley once again, reaching Myohaung near the mouth of the river on 28 January 1945. The division was withdrawn to India to rest on 22 April 1945. On 31 August, it was returned to West Africa and disbanded. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1943-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Purchased from Ebay. Unit information pulled from Wikipedia. https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/6eff5443c81e1947b3ebfccef738955e.jpg 5fc88bb1a04c2215002ecbda74e38866 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/5e331ed6d56ad65401b64cf9bddc74be.jpg 27dcc85751e96ef72ae0cb4bccd58fea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource British and Commonwealth WWII Insignia Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 82nd West African Division Patch Subject The topic of the resource This division was mostly comprised of soldiers from British colonies in Nigeria and Gold Coast (modern day Ghana). An often overlooked unit in discussions of British military campaigns against the Italians in East Africa and the Japanese in Burma. Description An account of the resource The inspiration for the division's formation came from General George Giffard. He had extensive experience of leading East African troops, and early in the Second World War became the commander of Britain's West Africa Command. He was eager for troops from Britain's African colonies to play their part in the war. When he was subsequently appointed to command the Eastern Army in India, facing the Imperial Japanese Army on the frontier between India and Burma, he requested that the two divisions being organised in West Africa be used in the Burma campaign. The division was formed from the 1st (West African) Infantry Brigade and 2nd (West African) Infantry Brigade, both of which had taken part in the East African Campaign in 1940 and 1941, and the new 4th (Nigerian) Infantry Brigade. The Division's headquarters was created on 1 August 1943. It followed the 81st (West African) Division in the numbering sequence of British war-raised infantry divisions. The HQ took control of its sub-units on 1 November 1943. The division's formation sign was crossed spears on a porter's headband, in black (sometimes white) on a yellow shield. On 20 May 1944, the division sailed for Ceylon, where the division was assembled on 20 July. In August the organisation was slightly changed, with supporting arms which had previously been distributed between the brigades being controlled centrally by the division HQ. The division was organised on a "head load" basis, with porters carrying all heavy equipment and supplies. Although many of the troops were from the savannah of northern Ghana and Nigeria, they were well-trained and effective when operating in jungle and mountains. After further training, the division took part in the third Arakan campaign in December 1944 under XV Indian Corps. On 15 December the Division captured Buthidaung on the Kalapanzin River and created a bridgehead on the east bank of the river. This allowed allied troops to control the Maungdaw–Buthidaung road which had been contested for three years and enabled the transport of 650 river craft by road through railway tunnels to Buthidaung to supply Indian troops in the Mayu Range. The 82nd (West African) Division (supported by 28th Anti-tank Regiment RIA and 33rd Mountain Artillery Regiment RIA) then crossed a steep and jungle-covered mountain range to converge with the British 81st (West African) Division on Myohaung near the mouth of the Kaladan River. This move forced the Japanese to evacuate the Mayu peninsula which they had held for almost four years and retreat south along the coast. As they retreated, troops from the 3rd Commando Brigade and units of the 25th Indian Infantry Division landed in inlets and chaungs ahead of them. Caught between the troops landing from the sea and the 82nd (West African) Division, the Japanese suffered many casualties. At this point, air supply was withdrawn from the Arakan front to allow the transport aircraft to supply the Allied forces in Central Burma. The 82nd (West African) Division's carrier battalions carried all supplies and equipment for the division from this point. The Japanese 54th Division holding the Arakan was divided into two detachments holding the roads across the Arakan Hills leading from An and Taungup. The 82nd (West African) Division was asked to cross the Dalet Chaung and hilly terrain to approach the An Pass from the north west, while being supplied by air. The 1st and 4th (Nigerian) Brigades suffered many casualties in opening the routes to Kaw and Kyweguseik in late February. The 4th (Nigerian) Brigade even lost two of its commanding officers. By March, the division captured Dalet Chaung and the strategic supply base of Tamandu, in coordination with Indian units. The 2nd (Gold Coast) Brigade based at Letmauk subsequently became the target of intense Japanese counter-attacks, suffering many casualties. They were forced to withdraw, covered by the 1st (Nigerian) Brigade. By sending long distance fighting patrols to harass the Japanese flanks, the Nigerian unit was able to force a Japanese retreat and retake An on 13 May 1945. The main body of the division, with the 22nd (East African) Brigade under command, advanced south from Tamandu. By the end of May Kindaungyyi, Taungup and Sandoway had been captured. Campaigning ceased during the monsoon rains and the war ended a few weeks later. During the third Arakan campaign, the 82nd Division suffered 2,085 casualties, the highest of any unit in XV Corps. Some of those killed were buried in jungle tracts, but many Nigerian graves remain in cemeteries at the Dalet Chaung near Tamandu and the Taukkyan War Cemetery. Others are remembered at the War Memorial in Rangoon. Other commemorations of the division's (and its component formations') service are the names of Dodan, An, Myohaung, Arakan and Marda Barracks in Lagos, Letmauk Barracks in Ibadan, Dalet, Mogadishu, Colito and Kalapanzin Barracks in Kaduna, the Chindit Barracks in Zaria, Arakan Barracks in Accra and Myohaung Barracks in Takoradi. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Purchased from Ebay. Unit information pulled from Wikipedia. https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/ba18edb3cd5201258a0bd1bcb70ffb4c.jpg 66908fc1c8a4813a5606bb0dccac4569 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/d7a984ca207bb2f5a72cc8f367be3a7b.jpg 95acce5b40709a1557dd460272e194a3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource British and Commonwealth WWII Photos Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A British Kent Class Cruiser Subject The topic of the resource A photo of a British Kent Class Cruiser taken as an official admiralty photograph. No specific ship name, location, or date given. Originally planned as a programme of 17 Royal Navy vessels, the numbers were cut back significantly following the formation of the first Labour Government after the election of December 1923. Of the eight ships planned to begin construction in 1924, only five were approved, with a further two ordered later by the Royal Australian Navy. These initial seven ships – Berwick, Cornwall, Cumberland, Kent, and Suffolk, built for the Royal Navy, and Australia and Canberra for the Royal Australian Navy – formed the Kent class. All were ordered in 1924 and commissioned in 1928. It was quickly found necessary to heighten the funnels by some 15 feet (4.6 m) to clear the flue gasses from the aft superstructure. The Australian ships, Australia and Canberra had them raised a further 3 feet (0.91 m). Between 1930 and 1933 the aircraft and catapult were added, as was a high-angle HACS director for the 4-inch guns. Kent received an additional pair of 4-inch guns in 1934, and she, Berwick and Cornwall each received a pair of QF 0.5-inch Vickers machine guns added abreast the fore funnel. By the mid-1930s, the British Kents were due for modernization. However, there was little surplus weight for the designers to work with while remaining within the Treaty requirements; they were between 150 and 250 tons under the treaty limits and it was estimated that a further 200-odd tons could be gained through various savings. A 6-foot-deep (1.8 m) armoured belt, 4.5-inch (110 mm) thick, was added amidships, extending down from the armoured deck to 1 foot below the waterline. Cumberland and Suffolk had the aft superstructure razed and replaced by a large hangar for two aircraft and a fixed athwartships catapult. A crane was fitted on either side of the after funnel, and the rear gunnery, navigation and control positions were relocated to the hangar roof. The single 2-pounder guns were removed, and quadruple mountings, Mark VII, were added on either side of the bridge. The 4-inch guns were relocated, and the rearmost pair were replaced by twin mountings Mark XIX for the QF 4-inch Mark XVI. To keep weight within acceptable margins, the hull was cut down by one deck aft of "Y" turret. Berwick and Cornwall were similarly converted, but with more weight in hand the hull was not cut down; all four 4-inch mounts were twins and the 2-pounder guns were octuple mounts. By 1939, the torpedo tubes had been removed in all four ships. Kent had less weight available for improvements and therefore was not given such an extensive modernisation. While she received the 4-inch armour belt and the double 4-inch gun mounts like her sisters, she retained the rotating catapult and after superstructure, with an additional fire-control position mounted on a distinctive lattice structure aft. Her anti-aircraft armaments were improved as for her sisters, but the multiple 2-pounders and their directors were carried aft, by the lattice structure. The naval historian H. Trevor Lenton estimates that despite the best attempts, none of these ships stayed within the treaty limits; Kent's full load displacement was 14,197 tons, indicating a standard displacement of around 10,600 tons. Lenton expresses doubts whether the Admiralty ever informed the Government of these excesses, as with war imminent, "there were more pressing demands on their time". Another historian, Leo Marriott, gives an alternative displacement of 10,300 tons and notes that it was "unofficially accepted" by the UK, USA, Italy, France and Japan that refits could allow ships to exceed the London treaty limits by up to 300 tons. Description An account of the resource British Official Photograph No. A.6178 Admiralty Photograph. Crown Copyright Reserved. Micellaneous. A cruiser of the Kent class. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Photo purchased from The War Store in Johannesburg, South Africa. Additional information pulled from Wikipedia. https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/a2bac8fae6505a215aa29f7da1ad9695.jpg 4f76059e6bbf8841bad2abcec04a640a https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/4d521bca9efb93e2a8da77568f8af924.jpg 799e259199c3413743e792036d469ec6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource British and Commonwealth WWII Maps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Assam & Bhutān Subject The topic of the resource Bālipāra Frontier Tract and Darrang, Goālpāra, Kāmrūp, Khāsi & Jaintia Hills and Nowgong Districts. Tongsa Province. Surveyed 1911-13. No. 78 N Gauhāti Description An account of the resource Marked with 251 L of C Sub-Area and a hand drawn border with Bhutan. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Acquired from Ebay Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1942 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/a1a1f7ace593d54e7a3c6054de9d7377.jpg 549fd21273081fdce52d3c07001a8733 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/e158afc80c26ab388551ce75a1e6181f.jpg d22858bd3748240d52fc1d38a8b3de64 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Japanese WWII Photos Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Attack on a British Tank on the road to Shwedaung, Burma Japanese Propaganda Photo Subject The topic of the resource The photo shows a group of several Japanese soldiers attacking an an American lend-lease M3 Stuart Tank of the British 7th Armoured Brigade that is on fire. What's interesting in the description is the emphasis on the triumph of the heroic Japanese soldier against mechanical and technical superiority. Later war US propaganda leaflets would directly highlight the absurdity of this belief, stating that Japanese fighting spirit could not compensate for lack or ammunition, food, or air superiority. This early war photo goes so far as to celebrate a soldier taking on a tank armed only with a bayonet. Rather than being horrified that their leaders would send soldiers into battle so poorly equipped, the Japanese public was being told to glorify the heroic sacrifices made under such circumstances. Additionally, no mention is made of the Burma Independence Army and their assistance to the Japanese during the battle. British loses are also significantly exaggerated with only 10 tanks and 2 field guns being lost in the battle. Description An account of the resource Translation of Japanese text on the reverse: "Machine or Spirit, getting go up to enemy tank The landing and battle of Kota Bharu was unparalleled in our military history. One of our divine solider threw oneself onto the enemy pillbox, confronting the blazing enemy gun ports with flesh and blood. On the Burma front, a solider with only a bayonet grappled with an enemy tank. No, its not limited to Kota Bharu or Burma. Ever since receiving the order to defeat the US and British forces, the battles of machines and machines have unfolded countless times in Hawaii, the Philippines, the Greater East Asia Sea, and all operational areas advancing under the Imperial Banner. In every battle, victory has consistently been on outside. A deadly struggle between solider to solider- once again the song of victory was with the imperial army. The battle between machines and humans-once again, facing the life-and-death determination of Imperial Army soldiers, their unwavering loyalty and remarkable spirit it was difficult to counter enemy’s mechanical strength. Breaking conventional wisdom and surpassing science, the fiery spirit of attack overwhelmed the power of machines. This is also one of those scenes—a valuable close-up attack on tanks captured by the camera of the head office correspondent near Shwedaung in northern Burma. Thanks to the brave battle of these soldiers, the Harada Unit was awarded a letter of commendation from the Iida Commander-in-Chief of the Burma Front. On October 13th, they achieved the honor of being recognized for their distinguished service. After the capture of Rangoon, the Harada Unit reversed its course and advanced to Shwedaung on the morning of March 19th. On the following 30th day, they blocked the retreat route of the enemy's force. Following an intense battle lasting tens of hours, they captured and annihilated the British mechanized unit consisting of around 60 to 70 tanks, armored vehicles, over ten artillery pieces, and around a hundred automobiles." Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 29th, 1942 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Translations provided by Yuske Tamura https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/c00f0538133a2c1c4fbbeadf6484591a.jpg 7c49cf990cf7b68fc4b7e3d65d601282 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/e37d7d8aca22956e8abd98e821b009d9.jpg a4e3c706e09121fc90977b22a2ce9d35 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Document Grouping for WWII German POW Walter Schmitt Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Basic Personel Record for German POW Walter Schmitt Subject The topic of the resource This record contains a description of his prison camps within the United States where he arrived about one month after his capture in Tunisia. He was initially sent to Trinidad, Colorado on June 18th 1943 before being moved to Scottsbluff, Nebraska on May 8, 1944. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Earliest date on the form appears to be June 18th, 1943 and the latest date is March 5th 1946 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/296eedb924aff7bad00afa8991850603.jpg 99df0f4743311d0adc58b934c2173218 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource German WWII Documents Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bekanntmachung Subject The topic of the resource An announcement regarding an attack by Dutch Resistance fighters on a Wehrmacht soldier and the reprisals measures that will be taken by German authorities. This announcement issued by Johann Baptist Albin Rauter (4 February 1895 – 24 March 1949) was a high-ranking Austrian-born SS functionary and war criminal during the Nazi era. He was the Higher SS and Police Leader in the occupied Netherlands and therefore the leading security and police officer there during the period of 1940–1945. Rauter reported directly to the Nazi SS chief, Heinrich Himmler, and also to the Nazi Reichskommissar of the Netherlands, Arthur Seyss-Inquart. After World War II, Rauter was convicted in the Netherlands of crimes against humanity and executed by firing squad. In May 1940, he was appointed Generalkommissar für das Sicherheitswesen (General Commissioner for Security) and Höherer SS-und Polizeiführer (Higher SS and Police leader) for the occupied Netherlands. In his position as police commander and highest ranking SS leader in the Netherlands, Rauter was responsible for the deportation of 110,000 Dutch Jews to the Nazi concentration camps (6,000 survived) and the repression of the Dutch resistance. He had 300,000 Dutchmen deported to Germany for forced labour. His first victims to die were those killed during the armed break up of the February strike on 26 February 1941, accounting for 9 dead that day: he also immediately declared a state of emergency and ordered summary executions. He was the chief promoter of terror through summary arrests and internment in the Netherlands. The SS set up a concentration camp named Herzogenbusch after the city of 's-Hertogenbosch, but located in the neighboring town of Vught that gave the camp its name: Kamp Vught. In total this camp detained 31,000 people, of whom some 735 were killed. Also, his SS manned a so-called polizeiliches Durchgangslager or police transit camp near Amersfoort, known as Kamp Amersfoort, in fact also a concentration camp, where some 35,000 people were detained and maltreated and 650 people (Dutch and Russian) died. Rauter's SS also managed the Kamp Westerbork (polizeiliches Durchgangslager Westerbork), the place from which some 110,000 Dutch Jews were deported to Nazi concentration and extermination camps, mainly Auschwitz and Sobibor. Under Rauter's guidance, a special block was built for 'political prisoners' (i.e. resistance workers) in the Scheveningen prison. These were often held in indefinite detention. In total 28,000 people were detained here over 4 years; many were severely mistreated, some were tried and 738 men and 21 women died here or on the nearby execution field, the Waalsdorpervlakte (now a national place of remembrance). Rauter also instigated a system of retaliation for assaults on Nazi officials and their Dutch collaborators: one killed Nazi equalled ten Dutch victims, one killed Dutch collaborator equalled three Dutch victims. During 1944 these numbers sharply increased with the rise of resistance violence. During the Allied assault on Arnhem in Operation Market Garden, Rauter took the active field command of the Kampfgruppe Rauter during operations in the Veluwe area and near the bridges over the IJssel river. Kampfgruppe Rauter consisted of the Landstorm Nederland, Wachbataillon Nordwest and a regiment of the Ordnungspolizei. After the assault on Arnhem had been fought off by the Germans, Rauter was given the command of the Maas front as a General in the Waffen-SS. In the night of 6–7 March 1945 he was severely wounded by an attack staged by the Dutch resistance at Woeste Hoeve on the Veluwe, a small village between Arnhem and Apeldoorn. In a reprisal organised by SS-Brigadeführer Karl Eberhard Schöngarth, the Germans executed 117 political prisoners at the location of the attack as well as 50 prisoners in Kamp Amersfoort and 40 prisoners each in The Hague and Rotterdam—a total of 263 persons were killed. This attack had not been planned; the resistance merely wanted to hijack a truck and use it to drive to a farmer who had butchered cows for the German army. Instead of the truck, Rauter's BMW motorcar was stopped by members of the resistance dressed in German uniforms. However, Rauter had just two weeks earlier issued a directive stating that German patrols should not stop any German military vehicles outside towns or villages, and a firefight broke out. His fellow passengers were all killed, but Rauter feigned death and survived. He was found by a German military patrol and transferred to a hospital where he remained until his arrest by British Military Police after the end of hostilities. Rauter was handed over to the Dutch government by the British and was tried by a special court in The Hague. Rauter denied committing war crimes, but the court found him guilty and sentenced him to death. A film record was made of the trial. The death sentence was confirmed by a higher court on 12 January 1949, and Rauter was executed by firing squad near Scheveningen on 24 March 1949.The location of his grave remains a state secret. It is unclear what resistance action specifically took place on this January 30th 1943, but the reprisal described here seems relatively mild compared with the system he would implement later. The names of the resistance members involved and the Wehrmacht soldier killed remain unknown at this time. Description An account of the resource ANNOUNCEMENT On January 30, 1943, a member of the German Wehrmacht was shot in the back in the municipality of Haarlem. As a reprisal for this attack, the curfew in the municipalities of Haarlem, Bloemendaal, and Heemstede is immediately moved forward from 24:00 (midnight) to 19:00 (7:00 p.m.) until further notice. Furthermore, the mayors of the aforementioned municipalities are instructed to immediately assign residents of the communities to a yet-to-be-determined patrol duty. Further measures will follow. The Hague, January 31, 1943 The Higher SS and Police Leader and Reich Commissioner for Security Affairs, RAUTER, SS-Gruppenführer Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Purchased from Antiekcentrum Amsterdam, Netherlands. Translation provided by ChatGPT and additional information taken from Wikipedia. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 31, 1943 https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/907efbac9b87053d6423001e7de7e1aa.jpg ebd248fb83388e3b2f27e4f0f61471ce https://cicmuseum.org/files/original/679ca9751717fd3be6053abc0c12873a.jpg f317134a66630ad2b809981833bb2c51 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource German WWII Documents Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Berichtkaart Subject The topic of the resource This card is a WWII-era conscription notice requiring a Dutch individual to perform guard duties for the Germans, with a veiled threat regarding hostages taken from the local population. This is a notification card addressed to a man named J.J. Poppe, born January 14, 1903, living at Vondelkade 40, in Zwolle. The number "7" at the top likely refers to a conscription or duty group number. Description An account of the resource 7 NOTICE CARD To Mr. J. J. Poppe, 14-1-03 (January 14, 1903) Vondelkade 40, 10 ZWOLLE The Ortskommandant has instructed me to ensure that, in support of the German guard for important Wehrmacht objects, a total of 25 Dutch guards are added. This is related to the fact that in some places in our country, attacks have likely been carried out on depots, etc., of the Wehrmacht. In this context, I assign you to perform duty for 24 hours, including 16 hours of rest, on Thursday, 2 March '44, and you are to report at 12:45 p.m. to Bureau Krenge, located behind the second platform of the Dutch Railways station (reachable via the bridge over the tracks next to the station). Further information about this can be obtained at the Riding School (Manège), Praubstraat, between 5 and 6 p.m. (Not on Sundays). I emphasize that compliance with this obligation imposed on you must be considered to be in the interest of the hostages who have been taken from the population of Zwolle and surroundings. In case of illness, a medical certificate stating how long the patient is unable to stand guard must be delivered to the riding school (manège), Praubstraat, as soon as possible. BRING THIS CARD WITH YOU. K. 2662 ZWOLLE, the 25th of February The Mayor of Zwolle, (signature) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Purchased from Antiekcentrum Amsterdam, Netherlands. Translation provided by ChatGPT. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 2, 1944